Monday, September 26, 2016

We Are the Ship: The Story of Negro League Baseball

WE ARE THE SHIP
Written and Illustrated by Kadir Nelson

1. Bibliography
Nelson, Kadir. 2008. We Are the Ship: The Story of Negro League Baseball. New York: Jump at the Sun/Hyperion Books for Children. ISBN 9780786808328

2. Plot Summary
This detailed account of African Americans' participation in baseball spans one hundred years from the early days in 1860s until the last days of the Negro Leagues in the 1960s.  In the early days, the African American players played in the Major Leagues, but they were targeted and sometimes injured by other players.  By 1887, African Americans were no longer allowed on the professional teams.  Eventually, Rube Foster created an organized "Negro National League" which had eight teams throughout the Midwest.  The League was successful but the players faced racism wherever they went, such as not being able to eat in restaurants or stay in most hotels.  These men persevered because "We were ballplayers.  There was nothing we would have rather spent our time doing."  The players played three to four games some days and spent many hours in cars or buses.

There were many star players in the Negro Leagues, but "its a shame the world didn't get to see them play".  Eventually, in 1945, Jackie Robinson signed with the Brooklyn Dodgers and this was the start of baseball becoming integrated.  Many more players from the Negro Leagues were signed to the majors and the Negro Leagues could no longer draw a crowd.  By 1960, all of the Negro Leagues had folded.

3. Critical Analysis
The conversational style of the narrator is approachable and entertaining, while being highly informative. Nelson's well-researched and detailed account of the Negro League Baseball shows the spirit of the players and their love of the game.  It is disheartening to learn that there were so many outstanding players that will not go down in the history books as stars of their game.  However, some of these stars are honored through Nelson's sincere writing.  

As much as the text is informative and well-written, Nelson's oil paintings are truly breathtaking.  Each player stands larger that life evoking the emotion of this historically significant account.  The fold-out spread that spans four pages depicting the "First Colored World Series" in 1924 brings the significance of this league to life depicting every player and coach from both teams in one illustration.  These oil paintings can actually cause a reader to long for a sunny afternoon watching a baseball game.

The major cultural marker present in We Are the Ship is the historical perspective of the Negro National League and its players. By learning how they were underpaid, treated unfairly, banned from the Major leagues, and faced prejudice when they traveled, the reader can begin to understand the struggles African Americans have faced.  The reader can also learn from this text that many African Americans relied on their intelligence or talent to overcome many injustices. With a foreword by Hank Aaron, more information in the Author's Note and a bibliography, a student of baseball history can gain a lot by poring over this text.

4. Review Excerpts and Awards
BOOKLIST (February 2008) "If the story is the pitch, it's the artwork that blasts the book into the stands.  Nelson often works from a straight-on vantage point, as if the players took time out of the action to peer at the viewer from history, eyes leveled and challenging, before turning back to the field of play.  With enormous blue skies and jam-packed grandstands backing them, these players look like the giants they are."

HORN BOOK GUIDE (June 2008) "That easygoing conversational storytelling is what Nelson achieves in this pitch-perfect history of Negro League baseball. His extensive research yields loads of attention-grabbing details."

5. Connections

  • This is an excellent mentor text when studying the narrative nonfiction genre.
  • Students that enjoyed We Are the Ship could also read Kadir Nelson's Heart and Soul: The Story of America and African Americans.
  • An interested reader could use the facts and dates from the text to create a timeline of the Negro Leagues. 

Feathers

FEATHERS
by Jaqueline Woodson
Image credit: www.scholastic.com

1. Bibliography
Woodson, Jacqueline. 2007. Feathers. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. ISBN 9780399239892

2. Plot Summary
This is the story of Frannie, a young girl in the sixth grade in the winter of 1971.  At school, Frannie is pondering a poem in which feathers represent hope.  As a kid from the "this side of the highway", Frannie doesn't think about hope very often.  When a new student joins her class and quickly receives the nickname "Jesus Boy" due to his long hair and white skin, the students become curious and some bully him.  Her religious best friend Samantha starts to believe he really could be Jesus, but Frannie is doubtful.

At home, Frannie worries about her mother who is pregnant again after having two miscarriages and losing a baby.  Frannie looks up to her handsome older brother and communicates with him through sign language, as he is hearing impaired.  While dealing with all of these issues, Frannie sparks an unlikely friendship with Jesus Boy and learns the truth about his parents.  When the bully Trevor confronts Jesus Boy, Frannie decides to help the mean Trevor up because she knows it is the right thing to do.  With the support of her loving family, Frannie finds that hope does exist as she says "I guess that's how hope is too--all light and and everywhere like that."  
                                           
3. Critical Analysis
This first-person narrative is quickly paced and seems to be a story of ordinary life on the surface.  However, Frannie's adolescent experiences breach the topics of race, class, religion, bullying and hearing-impaired individuals. Frannie is still a little girl in some ways, but in her sixth grade year she faces some difficult situations that show who she truly is.  She begins to understand how her deaf brother is treated by others as she explains his disability to his peers. The interaction between the sibling pair is genuine and a bright spot in the plot.  She also sees her mother's fear after having suffered from miscarriages.  In this short novel, Frannie faces adversity in many areas of her life, but remains a strong, female protagonist who is coming of age.    

The cultural markers abound in this story about a young African American girl who goes to a public school.  As her class turns against "Jesus Boy", the only white student in an African American school, Frannie begins to question the prejudice she sees in her peers.  The students continually wonder how a white student could have a black father, until Jesus Boy reveals he was adopted.  Frannie discusses her hairstyle choices, indicating that her mother will not let her wear an "Afro" until she is older, so she wears her hair "mostly in braids".  Another cultural marker is that religion and the Bible is mentioned throughout the story, with Frannie's Grandma exclaiming, "You don't want a piece of my Bible on your head, now, do you?"  Many of the cultural references are also linked to the 1970s time period, such as mentions of the Black Panthers, the Draft, and the Jackson 5.  

4. Review Excerpts and Awards
SCHOOL LIBRARY JOURNAL (April 2007) "With her usual talent for creating characters who confront, reflect, and grow into their own persons, Woodson creates in Frannie a strong protagonist who thinks for herself and recognizes the value and meaning of family. The story ends with hope and thoughtfulness while speaking to those adolescents who struggle with race, faith, and prejudice."

PUBLISHER'S WEEKLY (January 2007) "Set in 1971, Woodson's novel skillfully weaves in the music and events surrounding the rising opposition to the Vietnam Wat, giving this gentle, timeless story depth.  She raises important questions about God, racial segregation and issues surrounding the hearing-impaired with a light and thoughtful touch"

Newbery Honor Book, 2008

5. Connections

  • In this story, Frannie ponders the the ways people find hope in their surroundings.  Students could reflect on how Frannie finds hope and brainstorm a list of things that give them hope in their own life.
  • Read another title by Jacqueline Woodson and look for similar themes by comparing to Feathers.
  • Create a character map to analyze how Frannie changes and evolves throughout the story by recording the important events that happened to her.

THE PATCHWORK QUILT

 THE PATCHWORK QUILT
by Valerie Flournoy
Illustrated by Jerry Pinkney
Image credit: www.penguinrandomhouse.com

1. Bibliography
Flournoy, Valerie. 1985. The Patchwork Quilt. Ill. by Jerry Pinkney. New York: Dial Books for Young Readers. ISBN 0803700989

2. Plot Summary
This story begins with young Tanya asking her grandmother about the fabric scraps she has gathered and cut into squares.  Tanya learns that her grandmother will be making a patchwork quilt.  Grandma carefully cuts patches from her grandson's pants, her granddaughter's Halloween costume and her daughter's Christmas dress as she explains to Tanya that "A quilt won't forget. It can tell your life story."  Throughout the year, Grandma and Mama work together on the quilt.  After Christmas, Grandma falls ill and Tanya begins to help her mother finish the quilt and even her brothers join in to cut out patches.  Finally, Tanya adds squares from her Grandma's old, worn quilt, because she felt one family member was missing from the new quilt.  By the time Grandma begins to feel better, it is time to put the finishing touches on the quilt and the family gives the beautiful quilt to Tanya.   

3. Critical Analysis
This story portrays the bond of family as a young girl and her grandmother begin to work together on a patchwork quilt, and eventually the whole family is participating.  The theme of family is often seen in African American literature and this story is no different.  It clearly depicts the closeness and support that this family provides for each other.  The family is unique as the Grandma lives in her daughter's home and is part of the immediate family.  She is involved in the lives of her grand children and teaches Tanya how to quilt, as well as the value of hard work. The importance of family is evident when Grandma is sick in bed, the family rallies around her until she is able to return to her "chair by the window".

Pinkney's illustrations, done in pencil, graphite, and watercolors, beautifully depict the warmth of the family.   The softness of the watercolors suit the story well without overwhelming the many tender moments shared between Grandma and her family members.  Pinkney uses varying shades of brown to show the diversity of skin tones among the African American characters.  Pinkney uses brighter hues to color the quilt itself; this is shown toward the end of the story when the whole family gathers around the quilt to admire its beauty and reflect on the memories it evokes.  Although the characters are clearly African American in the illustrations, the bond of the strong, inter generational family in this story would resonate with readers from a variety of backgrounds.    

4. Review Excerpts and Awards
CHILDREN'S LITERATURE COMPREHENSIVE DATABASE (1985) "Essential qualities of family--love, cooperation, diversity, and responsibility are woven through a tender story centered on the construction of a quilt."

BOOKBIRD REVIEWS (1985) "With subtle touches of individuality in dress, physical features and hairstyles and signs of comfortable domesticity, Pinkney has created a family that is believable and that exudes strength and unity through three generations."

Christopher Award, 1986
Coretta Scott King Book Award Winner, 1986
Ezra Jack Keats Book Award Winner, 1986

5. Connections

  • The Patchwork Quilt presents the idea that each member of the family is important as they each have patches in the quilt.  This story could be read aloud in a classroom and the follow up discussion could be about classroom community.  Then, the students would participate in an activity to create a "quilt" with each child contributing a paper patch and tying the patches together with yarn.
  • This story could be compared and contrasted with other "quilt stories", such as Patricia Polacco's The Keeping Quilt or Jacqueline Woodson's Show Way.  Is this quilt just as important? 
  • This book could be used as a mentor text for a writing unit on personal narrative stories.

Monday, September 12, 2016

HELLO BABY!

HELLO BABY!
Written by Mem Fox, Illustrated by Steve Jenkins
Image credit: www.memfox.com

1. Bibliography
Fox, Mem. 2009. Hello Baby! Ill. by Steve Jenkins. New York: Beach Lane Books. 
ISBN 9781416985136

2. Plot Summary
This book begins with the narrator saying "Hello, baby! Who are you?"  The following text compares "baby" to an exotic collection of animals, one on each double-page spread.  From a leopard "dozing at dusk" to an elephant "wielding a tusk", children are sure to find their favorite. The last pages have a sweet sentiment ending with "Are you my treasure? The answer is yes".

3. Critical Analysis 
Beloved children's author Mem Fox creates another lovable animal tale.  The simple, rhyming couplets create a text perfect for reading aloud to young children.  This book is one that they will soon memorize and read to themselves.  Although Fox is known for her ties to Africa and Australia, this text does not contain any specific cultural markers.  Though the animals are exotic including a porcupine, gecko, and zebra, they do not seem to come from one particular geographic region.  This book is a loving dialogue between a parent and child that could occur in any culture.  The one exception is the human hands of the mother and child on the final page belong to a Caucasian parent and child.

Jenkins' brightly colored cut-paper collages set against white backgrounds pop on the page as each animal is impressively detailed and expressive. From the intricate hairs of the warthog to the owl's winking eye, each animal is a visual treat.  The next-to-last page is a silhouette of each animal that would be perfect for a retelling of this story with a very young reader. Add this book to the collection of any pre-reader as it is sure to become a favorite that is read again and again.

4. Review Excerpts

BOOKLIST (May 2009) "Working in his signature meduim of cut-paper collage, Jenkins coaxes clear expressions out of his animal subjects, even as his precision helps viewers zero in on the animals' features noted in the text.  In the end, a clever visual matching game leads into a loving affirmation for every child."

SCHOOL LIBRARY JOURNAL (April 2009) "This collaboration results in a lovely read-aloud for preschool storytimes or a perfect selection for one-on-one sharing."

5. Connections

  • Toddlers who already know Martin's Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See? by heart would love to hear this rhyming text over and over again.
  • This story would be a perfect mentor text to use in a Pre-K or Kindergarten classroom to create a "class book" in which each child makes their own page with an illustration and sentence of text.  

ADVENTURES WITH WAFFLES

ADVENTURES WITH WAFFLES
Written by Maria Parr, Translated by Guy Puzey
Illustrated by Kate Forrester
Image credit: www.candlewick.com

1. Bibliography
Parr, Maria. Adventures with Waffles. 2005. Somerville, MA: Candlewick Press.
ISBN 9780763672812

2. Plot Summary 
Set in a small town in coastal Norway, this story chronicles the adventures of Trille and his next-door neighbor Lena.  Lena is a fearless daredevil and Trille is always close behind.  From tying a ropeway between their two houses, to earning money by playing their recorders as street performers, these two have a lot of wacky plans.  They stick together while navigating family issues, like when they advertise to find a new Dad for Lena. This novel is about day-to-day life but also displays the sweetness of two best friends.

3. Critical Analysis
Adventures with Waffles is a story of two adventurous nine year-olds as they navigate childhood and experience true friendship.  As a Norwegian export, this novel has many cultural overtones that make the setting and events that much more interesting to read about.  The setting is a tiny town where the two main characters are free to explore.  Some of the cultural markers are the names of the characters such as Tor, Magnus, and Ellisiv.  The setting is also Norwegian with the presence of cattle and sheep that roam the hillside and the nearby seaside.  The characters also say funny expressions like "Smoking haddocks!" and always feast on a Norwegian favorite, waffles.

4. Review Excerpts
SCHOOL LIBRARY JOURNAL (March 2015) "Narrated by Trille in a realistically childlike, first-person voice, the novel is fresh and fast-paced.  While readers will chuckle as the friends' adventures - and marvel at their chutzpah-their mouths will also water at the frequency with which waffles, clearly a popular Norwegian treat, figure into the story."

BOOKLIST (April 2015) "For all its emotional resonance, the narrative is never soppy.  In fact, humor plays a big part in this rewarding book.  Published first in Norway and translated into 20 languages, this appealing chapter book has a distinctive setting, plenty of humor, and unusual emotional clarity."

5. Connections
  • Reader that enjoy Kate DiCamillo's humorous novels will also enjoy Adventures with Waffles.

THE LILY POND

THE LILY POND
Written by Annika Thor, Translated by Linda Schenck
Image credit: www.penguinrandomhouse.com

1. Bibliography
Thor, Annika. 2011. The Lily Pond. New York: Delacorte Press. 
ISBN 9780385908382

2. Plot Summary
During World War II, young Stephie Steiner and has been sent away from her home in Vienna to live as a refugee in Sweden.  Stephie will attend grammar school in the posh town of Goteburg while boarding with a wealthy family.  Stephie gets acquainted to life in the city and becomes smitten with the son of her lodgers, Sven.  Sven is older than Stephie and she is taken with his charm and kindness.  She is adjusting to her new school and friends, but is constantly concerned about her parents who remain in Vienna.  Through letters, they communicate with Stephie and describe their ongoing persecution as Jews.  Stephie bravely navigates young love and teenage friendships in the midst of a culture brand new to her. 

3. Critical Analysis
This story is the sequel to Thor's novel A Faraway Island following the two Steiner sisters in their second year as refugees in Sweden escaping the Nazi-occupied Austria.  This piece of historical fiction is a different take on the effects of World War II as it is set in the peaceful Sweden.  The story focuses on Stephie's coming of age woes more than the devastation happening throughout Europe during the time period.

There are numerous cultural markers beginning with the setting.  The Swedish setting plays an important role in this story as Stephie often travels by boat to visit her foster parents on an island.  The descriptions of icy cold weather and the picturesque town with a city theater, art museum, and concert hall all add to the Nordic setting.  The names of the characters such as Sven, Putte, Hedvig Bjork are distinctly Swedish adding to the authenticity of the novel.  Even Stephie's schoolmates are described as "more or less blond" (p. 29) with few brunettes in her class.  There are also numerous examples of German in the story as this is the foreign language that Stephie learns in school, though the rest of her instruction is in Swedish.  This story clearly has an international perspective opening the eyes of a reader to the Swedish culture. 

4. Review Excerpts
BOOKLIST (December 2011) "A compelling look at WWII-era Sweden, this distiniguished Holocaust story will resonate."

SCHOOL LIBRARY JOURNAL (February 2012) "She gives each character a unique voice, and seamlessly blends the narration and the dialogue, drawing listeners into the drama and historical significance of the time."

2012 Mildred L. Batchelder Honor Book

5. Connections

  • Readers who enjoyed Thor's A Faraway Island will want to continue the story of Stephie and Nellie by reading The Lily Pond.
  • Readers interested in World War II historical fiction such as Brubaker's The War that Saved My Life or Lowry's Number the Stars would also enjoy this title.
  • After reading, students could research Austria and Sweden's role in World War II to determine a possible timeline for this story.